Drawing Concepts Skater Boy, a information to capturing the essence of the skater boy aesthetic, dives right into a world of dynamic poses, expressive characters, and trendy illustrations. This complete useful resource breaks down the important thing parts for creating fascinating skater boy drawings, from defining the visible language of the skater boy to crafting detailed illustrations.
From the delicate nuances of clothes and accessories to the highly effective vitality of action-packed poses, this information offers a roadmap for bringing your imaginative and prescient to life. Uncover how you can grasp totally different drawing kinds, incorporate compelling backgrounds, and convey a variety of feelings by means of facial expressions and physique language. This detailed method empowers artists to craft distinctive and memorable representations of skater boys throughout numerous ages and backgrounds.
Defining the Skater Boy Aesthetic
The skater boy aesthetic, a visible illustration of a subculture deeply rooted in skateboarding, has developed considerably over time, mirroring broader societal shifts and inventive influences. From its early days to fashionable iterations, the look has retained core parts whereas adapting to altering developments and particular person expressions. Understanding this evolution reveals the cultural significance and enduring attraction of this visible language.This aesthetic is extra than simply clothes; it is a assertion, a mirrored image of values, and a visible shorthand for a life-style.
The visible traits embody the vitality, spirit, and rebellious nature typically related to skateboarding and youth tradition. This exploration delves into the precise parts that outline the skater boy aesthetic throughout totally different intervals, highlighting the important thing visible markers which have formed its enduring attraction.
Visible Traits
The visible traits of the skater boy aesthetic are multifaceted, encompassing clothes, equipment, hair kinds, and the general vibe. This mix creates a singular visible language, immediately recognizable to these conversant in the subculture. The vary of expressions is extensive, encompassing totally different physique sorts, ages, and backgrounds, additional solidifying the aesthetic’s adaptability.
Drawing skater boys presents a wealth of inventive prospects, from dynamic motion poses to intricate particulars. Understanding how you can successfully seize motion and expression is essential. This immediately pertains to mastering the strategies concerned in JKO programs, like How To Cheat Jko Courses , which might present priceless insights into athletic type and posture. Finally, these rules translate into richer, extra genuine skater boy drawings.
Clothes Kinds
From the early days of the skate scene, the clothes selections typically mirrored a sensible method to the game, mixing consolation and sturdiness. Denims, typically worn with holes or distressed designs, grew to become a staple. Outsized graphic tees and hoodies, regularly showcasing skate-related imagery or band logos, had been frequent. The evolution of this fashion has seen the incorporation of extra modern manufacturers and kinds, however the core parts of consolation and practicality stay.
Equipment
Equipment play a major function in enhancing the skater boy aesthetic. Skateboard decks, or different skate-related paraphernalia, typically function visible statements. Sneakers, usually from skate-specific manufacturers, are essential, reflecting the energetic way of life. Jewellery, if current, tends to be easy and understated, aligning with the aesthetic’s total rebellious and impartial spirit.
Hair Kinds, Drawing Concepts Skater Boy
Hair kinds have mirrored the broader developments in youth tradition, with a bent in direction of a relaxed and easy look. This typically contains brief haircuts, typically styled with an off-the-cuff contact, or longer hair styled in ways in which mirror the skater’s particular person expression.
Physique Varieties, Ages, and Backgrounds
The skater boy aesthetic is not confined to a single physique sort, age group, or background. It is a visible language that may be interpreted and expressed by people from various backgrounds, with a variety of bodily attributes and life experiences.
General Vibe
The general vibe related to the skater boy aesthetic is often relaxed, assured, and barely rebellious. It conveys a way of self-expression, independence, and a connection to the skateboarding group. This vibe is additional emphasised by means of the clothes, equipment, and hair kinds, which all contribute to a singular visible illustration of the skater boy aesthetic.
Clothes | Equipment | Hair Kinds | General Vibe |
---|---|---|---|
Distressed denims, graphic tees, hoodies, sneakers | Skateboard decks, skate-specific sneakers, easy jewellery | Brief, informal haircuts, or longer, styled hair | Relaxed, assured, barely rebellious, self-expression, independence, connection to the skateboarding group |
Drawing Kinds for Skater Boys
Capturing the essence of a skater boy requires a nuanced method that goes past easy illustration. The dynamic vitality and rebellious spirit inherent within the skater tradition demand a visible language that speaks to their persona and way of life. This part explores numerous drawing kinds appropriate for depicting these people, emphasizing strategies for conveying motion, angle, and magnificence.Efficient illustration of skater boys entails extra than simply correct anatomy or skillful line work.
It necessitates a deep understanding of the skater tradition, its aesthetic sensibilities, and the precise nuances that outline several types of skaters. The illustrations ought to successfully translate the dynamism of skateboarding into a visible narrative.
Drawing concepts for a skater boy may be various, from basic avenue scenes to extra stylized figures. A key inspiration may very well be the smooth, highly effective traces of a Drake Snake , translating that athleticism and precision into the skater’s dynamic pose. These visible references can elevate your drawing concepts for skater boys, providing a contemporary method to character design.
Life like Drawing Model
The life like fashion presents an in depth depiction of the skater boy, capturing bodily attributes like muscle definition, clothes folds, and facial expressions. This method permits for exact illustration of the topic’s posture, enabling viewers to understand the anatomical accuracy and precision of the drawing. Illustrations on this fashion ought to meticulously painting the bodily pressure and energy required throughout skateboarding maneuvers, emphasizing the dynamism of the game.
Cautious consideration to mild and shadow will create a way of depth and realism, additional enhancing the affect of the illustration. For instance, life like shading can depict the sweat glistening on a skater’s brow throughout a very intense trick.
Cartoonish Drawing Model
The cartoonish fashion offers a simplified illustration of the skater boy, utilizing exaggerated options and playful proportions. This method permits for a extra expressive and emotionally participating portrayal. The exaggerated options of this fashion can successfully convey the skater’s persona and angle, making the illustration extra accessible and interesting for a wider viewers. For instance, a large grin and exaggerated physique language might convey pleasure and confidence.
Moreover, this fashion may be significantly efficient in creating illustrations which might be simply understood and memorable.
Stylized Drawing Model
The stylized method blends parts of realism and cartooning, creating a singular visible language. This method permits for the expression of a definite inventive imaginative and prescient, enabling the artist to concentrate on particular parts that improve the skater boy’s persona. This fashion can be utilized to focus on particular traits of the skater boy, like a particular model of clothes or skateboard fashion.
As an illustration, the skater’s clothes may very well be depicted in a vibrant coloration palette, drawing consideration to their distinctive sense of fashion. The design parts may be simplified whereas retaining the essence of the skater’s angle. This method permits for the expression of a particular inventive imaginative and prescient.
Evaluating Drawing Kinds
Drawing Model | Benefits | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|
Life like | Excessive stage of element, correct illustration, robust sense of realism | Might be time-consuming, might not convey persona as successfully as different kinds |
Cartoonish | Expressive, participating, simply understood, versatile | Could seem simplistic, doubtlessly much less detailed, much less life like |
Stylized | Distinctive visible language, concentrate on particular traits, robust affect | Requires cautious steadiness between simplification and readability, doubtlessly much less universally interesting |
Conveying Motion and Power
Efficient illustration of skater boys necessitates capturing the dynamic vitality and motion inherent in skateboarding. This may be achieved by means of dynamic poses, exaggerated expressions, and cautious use of line weight and shading. As an illustration, a skater mid-air throughout a leap ought to convey the sense of momentum and anticipation. Robust traces and daring shading strategies can convey the dynamism and pace of the skater’s actions.
Key Options to Emphasize
Specializing in key options enhances the visible affect of the illustration. These embody the skater’s clothes, skateboard, and total posture. For instance, a specific model of clothes or a particular skateboard design can add a layer of depth and context to the illustration. The skater’s expression and physique language ought to mirror their angle and persona. Using acceptable coloration palettes, composition, and perspective can successfully emphasize these options.
Poses and Actions for Skater Boys

Capturing the essence of a skater boy entails extra than simply the clothes or the fashion. It is about conveying the vitality, angle, and confidence that outline this subculture. Dynamic poses and actions are essential in bringing the skater boy to life in your drawings. The next sections will discover totally different poses and actions {that a} skater boy may exhibit, highlighting the significance of posture, expression, and the assorted skateboarding maneuvers that may be depicted.Understanding the nuances of physique language and emotional expression is essential to creating compelling illustrations.
A skater boy’s posture can mirror a spectrum of feelings, from the relaxed confidence of a seasoned professional to the targeted depth of a newbie mastering a brand new trick. The selection of pose, motion, and facial features can considerably affect the general narrative and message conveyed by the drawing.
Skateboarding Maneuvers
Skateboarding entails a various vary of maneuvers, every demanding distinctive physique positions and expressions. The skater’s actions ought to mirror the precise calls for of the trick. A profitable depiction of those actions requires an understanding of the mechanics concerned in every maneuver. This information will assist you to translate the bodily actions into compelling visible representations.
- Ollie: The ollie, a basic skateboarding trick, entails a leap through which the board is propelled upwards. The skater’s physique must be positioned in a manner that permits for optimum management and execution of the trick. The drawing ought to painting the coordinated effort of the skater’s toes, fingers, and torso to provoke and preserve steadiness in the course of the leap.
The skater’s physique language, seemingly targeted and decided, will add to the general affect of the depiction.
- Grinds: Grinding entails scraping a skateboard half alongside a rail or different impediment. The skater’s physique posture must be ready that balances the momentum and permits for sustaining management in the course of the grind. The drawing should seize the skater’s focus, emphasizing the physique’s positioning to keep up steadiness and execute the maneuver easily.
- Heels and Noseslides: These tips contain sliding the board’s tail or nostril alongside a ledge or rail. The skater’s physique must be positioned in a manner that facilitates the slide whereas sustaining management. The skater’s steadiness and the angle of their physique will affect the profitable execution of the slide, so these components ought to be emphasised within the drawing.
- Pop Shoots: These tips contain a fast upward motion of the skateboard, normally carried out over obstacles or gaps. The skater’s physique posture and expression ought to mirror the dynamic vitality and pace of the trick. This contains the skater’s fingers and toes’s positioning, which significantly affect the trick’s execution and steadiness.
Poses and Emotional Expressions
The selection of pose and accompanying emotional expression can considerably affect the characterization of the skater boy. Totally different poses can successfully convey distinct personalities and states of thoughts.
Motion | Physique Language | Emotional Expression |
---|---|---|
Ollie | Centered, balanced; fingers and toes in a coordinated place; legs bent; physique barely arched | Targeted, decided, energetic |
Grinding | Physique angled, leaning barely into the grind; eyes mounted on the spot; fingers regular on the board | Assured, intense, targeted |
Heelslide | Physique weight shifted in direction of the board; again barely arched; eyes targeted on the rail; fingers positioned for steadiness | Decided, managed, assured |
Pop Shoots | Physique centered, balanced, toes and fingers coordinated; physique weight shifted in the course of the pop and touchdown; a barely arched again | Energetic, explosive, targeted, assured |
Backgrounds and Environments for Skater Boys: Drawing Concepts Skater Boy

Capturing the essence of a skater boy typically hinges on the atmosphere surrounding him. A well-chosen background can amplify the character’s persona, reflecting his way of life and the context of the illustration. Efficient backgrounds add depth and dynamism to the general visible narrative. Understanding how you can make the most of backgrounds, from skate parks to metropolis streets, is essential for creating participating and impactful art work.A compelling background enhances the skater boy’s apparel, fashion, and actions.
It isn’t merely a backdrop; it is an energetic participant within the narrative, setting the stage for the temper and ambiance. The visible language of the atmosphere performs a major function in conveying cultural context, highlighting the social ambiance, and drawing the viewer into the illustration.
Appropriate Backgrounds
The atmosphere profoundly impacts the general impression of the skater boy illustration. Skate parks, with their ramps and obstacles, evoke a way of athleticism and daring. Metropolis streets, with their city vitality and architectural particulars, can counsel a vibrant, dynamic way of life. Seashores, with their open areas and pure parts, may counsel a extra laid-back or adventurous spirit. Every atmosphere contributes to the character’s id and the story the art work tells.
Temper and Ambiance
The chosen background considerably contributes to the illustration’s total temper. A vibrant, sun-drenched skate park evokes a constructive and energetic ambiance, contrasting with the gritty, shadowed streets of a metropolis, which could counsel a extra rebellious or introspective temper. The background units the stage for the skater boy’s actions and emotional state. Think about the colour palette, lighting, and total composition when deciding on the background to evoke the specified temper.
Cultural Context
Backgrounds can successfully showcase totally different social or cultural contexts. A skate park in a bustling metropolis middle may counsel a recent city scene, whereas a skate park in a quieter, extra rural space might evoke a way of group spirit. Understanding the social and cultural implications of the atmosphere is crucial for creating genuine and relatable art work.
Lighting and Perspective
Efficient use of lighting and perspective within the background enhances depth and realism. Daylight illuminating a skate park can spotlight textures and create dramatic shadows, whereas the angle of a metropolis avenue receding into the space can counsel vastness and scale. Cautious consideration of those parts contributes to a extra immersive and interesting illustration.
Background Kind and Urged Temper
Background Kind | Urged Temper |
---|---|
Skate Park | Energetic, Athletic, Youthful |
Metropolis Streets | City, Dynamic, Rebellious |
Seashore | Relaxed, Adventurous, Free-spirited |
Forest | Mysterious, Introspective, Serene |
Deserted Constructing | Mysterious, Intriguing, Dramatic |
Gear and Equipment
The important tools and equipment for a skater boy are extra than simply instruments; they’re extensions of his persona and magnificence. Understanding these parts is essential for capturing the skater boy aesthetic precisely in your drawings. From boards and wheels to protecting gear and equipment, this stuff are meticulously chosen and infrequently symbolize the skater’s particular person fashion and talent stage.Representing this tools realistically or stylistically enhances the illustration’s affect, making a reference to the viewer that goes past a easy drawing.
Exact particulars can elevate a sketch, conveying the skater’s dedication and keenness for the game. The selection of kit and equipment ought to be aligned with the skater’s persona and talent stage. A newbie may carry less complicated gear in comparison with a seasoned professional.
Widespread Skateboarding Gear
Skateboarding tools is crucial for the game. A skater wants a skateboard, wheels, vehicles, bearings, and a set of grip tape. Various kinds of boards are suited to totally different kinds, from avenue skating to ramps and swimming pools. Wheels differ in hardness and have an effect on the trip and really feel. Vehicles are the pivot level of the board, influencing maneuverability.
Bearings decide the smoothness and effectivity of the rotation, affecting the general efficiency. Grip tape enhances the skater’s grip and board management.
Illustrative Illustration of Gear
Correct illustration of kit is essential for a practical or stylized depiction. Think about the supplies, textures, and shapes of the parts. The board’s form, the wheels’ dimension and coloration, and the vehicles’ design all contribute to the general visible affect. When drawing wheels, take note of their detailing, particularly if they’re a major a part of the drawing.
Symbolize the grip tape’s sample for a way of texture and realism.
Equipment for the Skater Boy
Equipment like helmets, knee pads, elbow pads, and wrist guards, whereas not at all times carried by a skater, are integral to security and ought to be precisely depicted for a complete illustration. The place and magnificence of the equipment can talk the skater’s expertise and angle.
Integrating Gear and Equipment for a Compelling Picture
Strategic placement and composition are very important for a compelling picture. Place the skateboard and different tools in a manner that enhances the pose and motion of the skater. Think about the angle of the board relative to the skater’s physique and the atmosphere. Using mild and shadow can additional spotlight the tools, creating depth and dimension.
Gear | Equipment | Illustrative Illustration |
---|---|---|
Skateboard | Helmet | Correct illustration of the board’s form, sort, and any customized graphics. Present the helmet’s type becoming in opposition to the pinnacle and the strap’s attachment. |
Wheels | Knee Pads | Symbolize the wheel’s dimension, coloration, and materials. Present the wheel’s connection to the truck. |
Vehicles | Elbow Pads | Element the vehicles’ design, bolts, and mounting on the board. Present the elbow pads’ place and form to supply assist. |
Bearings | Wrist Guards | Present the bearings’ placement within the vehicles. Spotlight the wrist guards’ match and design. |
Grip Tape | Backpack | Symbolize the grip tape’s sample and texture. Present the backpack’s straps and contents. |
Facial Expressions and Physique Language
Capturing the essence of a skater boy requires greater than only a cool outfit and a sick board. Authenticity comes from conveying particular feelings and personalities by means of nuanced facial expressions and physique language. Understanding how these parts work together creates a extra dynamic and interesting character. That is key for visible storytelling.Efficient character portrayal hinges on the correct communication of feelings.
Facial expressions and physique language are essential in conveying these feelings. The skater boy’s posture, gaze, and delicate actions reveal character traits like confidence, dedication, or nonchalance.
Facial Expressions for Varied Feelings
Facial expressions are highly effective instruments for immediately speaking a personality’s emotional state. A variety of feelings may be conveyed by means of delicate adjustments within the mouth, eyes, and forehead. Understanding the nuances of those expressions is crucial for creating plausible characters.
- Confidence: A assured skater boy typically shows a direct gaze, a slight smile, and a relaxed jawline. His posture is upright and shoulders are again, suggesting self-assuredness. The general demeanor initiatives an air of self-possession.
- Willpower: Willpower manifests in a targeted gaze, a barely furrowed forehead, and a agency set jaw. The skater boy’s physique language typically reveals a tense posture, indicating the focus wanted for a tough trick.
- Casualness: An off-the-cuff skater boy typically has a relaxed posture, a impartial expression, and an easygoing gaze. He is perhaps barely leaning in opposition to one thing or casually adjusting his tools, showcasing a laid-back angle.
- Pleasure: An excited skater boy might have extensive eyes, a broad smile, and a barely open mouth. His physique language typically contains fast actions, gesturing, and an total sense of vitality.
- Frustration: A annoyed skater boy may need a furrowed forehead, a tight-lipped expression, and a tense posture. His physique language may embody clenched fists, agitated actions, or a slumped posture.
Physique Language Cues
Physique language, past facial expressions, considerably enhances character portrayal. Posture, gestures, and total motion contribute to the character’s persona. Combining these cues with facial expressions offers a holistic understanding of the skater boy.
- Open Posture: An open posture, with arms relaxed and physique oriented in direction of the viewer, suggests approachability and confidence.
- Closed Posture: A closed posture, with arms crossed or tucked in, suggests defensiveness or apprehension.
- Aggressive Posture: An aggressive posture, with a tense physique and a direct, difficult gaze, suggests assertiveness and dedication, or potential battle.
- Relaxed Posture: A relaxed posture, with a relaxed physique and an easygoing demeanor, communicates a way of ease and casualness.
Combining Facial Expressions and Physique Language
Combining facial expressions and physique language creates a extra complicated and plausible portrayal of the skater boy’s persona. For instance, a assured skater boy may preserve an upright posture, a direct gaze, and a slight smile whereas performing a trick, highlighting each his confidence and talent.
Drawing concepts for a skater boy may be extremely participating, particularly when incorporating real-world eventualities. Think about a dynamic scene the place the skater boy is getting ready for a visit to his grandma’s home, possibly even packing his favourite skateboard and drawing provides. This sort of situation may very well be a superb inspiration for a drawing immediate, tapping into the theme of a child going to Grandma’s home, as seen on this submit Kid Going To Grandma’s House.
These detailed, participating drawings can then be used for a spread of inventive expressions.
Emotion | Facial Expression | Physique Language |
---|---|---|
Confidence | Direct gaze, slight smile, relaxed jawline | Upright posture, shoulders again, relaxed arms |
Willpower | Targeted gaze, barely furrowed forehead, agency jaw | Tense posture, concentrated stance, clenched fingers |
Casualness | Impartial expression, easygoing gaze, relaxed jawline | Relaxed posture, barely leaning, adjusting tools |
Pleasure | Vast eyes, broad smile, barely open mouth | Speedy actions, gesturing, energetic posture |
Frustration | Furrowed forehead, tight-lipped expression, tense jaw | Clenched fists, agitated actions, slumped posture |
Illustrative Concepts for Totally different Ages
Capturing the essence of a skater boy throughout numerous age teams requires a nuanced method. The illustration must mirror the developmental levels and experiences related to every age. This contains not solely bodily traits but additionally the emotional and social points of the character. Age-appropriate depiction is essential to keep up authenticity and keep away from stereotypes. This part delves into illustrative methods tailor-made to particular age ranges.The visible language of the skater boy illustration must evolve with the character’s age.
A younger skater boy is perhaps portrayed with a way of harmless exuberance, whereas an older skater boy may convey a extra mature, refined method. These delicate adjustments in fashion and portrayal mirror the character’s journey and improvement, including depth to the illustrations.
Drawing concepts for a skater boy may be various, starting from capturing dynamic motion poses to showcasing intricate particulars of his gear. This may be additional impressed by observing real-life skater tradition and the distinctive kinds of fashionable figures just like the athletes featured in Itsame Yomomma. Finally, these visible references assist generate contemporary concepts and refine inventive expertise for drawing skater boys.
Defining Age Teams for Skater Boy Illustrations
Understanding the totally different levels of a skater boy’s life permits for a extra correct and nuanced portrayal. The next age teams present a framework for crafting illustrations that resonate with totally different audiences.
Age Group | Illustration Model | Description |
---|---|---|
Toddler (2-4 years previous) | Playful and Energetic | Illustrations ought to emphasize a way of marvel and exploration. Use brilliant colours and dynamic poses that seize the vitality and enthusiasm related to this age group. The skater boy may very well be depicted with outsized clothes, exhibiting his small stature. He may very well be seen balancing precariously on a small skateboard or scooter, with a concentrate on the enjoyment of the exercise fairly than technical talent. |
Pre-teen (6-10 years previous) | Curious and Adventurous | The fashion ought to shift to mirror a rising sense of independence and curiosity. The skater boy may very well be proven in numerous poses, showcasing his rising confidence in performing easy tips. The apparel is perhaps a bit extra refined than toddler stage, reflecting his rising sense of self-expression. The illustrations can incorporate parts of their atmosphere, like a playground or a park, to emphasise the context of their actions. |
Teen (12-16 years previous) | Assured and Impartial | The illustrations ought to seize the skater boy’s burgeoning sense of id. The main focus ought to be on a extra mature fashion, with improved skateboarding expertise. The illustrations might depict extra complicated tips, showcasing the skater’s rising technical proficiency. He may very well be portrayed with a way of rebelliousness and confidence, whereas sustaining a connection to the enjoyment of skating. The clothes fashion would align with present developments. |
Younger Grownup (17-25 years previous) | Mature and Expert | Illustrations for this age group ought to mirror a way of mastery and refinement within the skater’s expertise. The illustrations might showcase extra superior skateboarding maneuvers, demonstrating a stage of experience. The skater boy may very well be depicted in additional dynamic poses, suggesting a connection to the artwork type. The skater boy may very well be proven in quite a lot of settings, from skilled skate parks to extra informal city environments. |
Examples of Illustrative Kinds
Visible illustration is essential for conveying the essence of the skater boy at totally different ages. For instance, a toddler skater boy may very well be depicted with outsized, vibrant clothes, balancing precariously on a small skateboard, emphasizing the childlike pleasure of motion. In distinction, a younger grownup skater boy is perhaps illustrated with a classy fashion, showcasing superior skateboarding strategies and a extra refined aesthetic.
These examples display how visible particulars can successfully talk the character’s age and improvement.
Final Conclusion
In conclusion, drawing skater boys is not nearly capturing a method; it is about embodying the spirit and angle of a subculture. This information has geared up you with the instruments and inspiration to deliver your personal distinctive imaginative and prescient to life. From defining the aesthetic to crafting dynamic poses and incorporating compelling backgrounds, you are now empowered to create illustrations that actually seize the essence of the skater boy.
Keep in mind, the important thing to success is observe and understanding the underlying rules of making memorable characters.
Query Financial institution
What are some frequent errors newcomers make when drawing skater boys?
Learners typically overlook the significance of conveying motion and vitality. They could wrestle with proportions or precisely depicting skateboarding actions. One other frequent error is neglecting to determine a transparent temper and ambiance by means of the background.
How can I make my skater boy drawings stand out from the gang?
Including distinctive particulars to the clothes, equipment, and background can set your drawings aside. Experiment with totally different drawing kinds and discover your personal signature method. Give attention to capturing the skater boy’s persona and angle by means of delicate particulars like facial expressions and physique language.
What are some important skateboarding tools and equipment to incorporate in drawings?
Embrace skateboards, helmets, and protecting gear. Think about including smaller particulars like wrist guards or backpacks to reinforce realism. The hot button is to make sure these parts match the general fashion and temper of the illustration.
How can I draw skater boys of various ages successfully?
Modify the proportions, clothes kinds, and equipment based mostly on the age. Youthful skater boys may need totally different clothes selections and equipment in comparison with older ones. Take note of the precise particulars that outline every age group.